有用的写作有四个组成部分：
- 重要性：对多少人重要 × 对他们多重要。如果只有很少人关心，或者关心程度很低，那这篇文章就没用。
- 新颖性：读者不知道但应该知道的。如果他们已经知道，你就是在浪费他们的时间。
- 正确性：尽可能强但不变成假的。不要说"所有X都是Y"，如果"大多数X是Y"就够了。
- 力度：清晰、简洁、直接地表达。去掉废话，用最直接的词。
Morris技巧：Robert Morris（PG的联合创始人）的秘诀是——不确定就不发表。你可以确保发表的每篇文章都是好的，方法就是只发表那些好的。
限定词是重要的技能：不只是避免说错话，而是精确表达确定程度。"可能"、"往往"、"在某些情况下"——这些词让你的陈述更准确。
先松后紧：快速写初稿，然后花数天仔细重写。重写是写作的本质。
简单语言：错误在简单语言中更明显。如果一件事很难解释，可能你的想法还不够清晰。
Useful writing has four components:
- Importance: How many people does it matter to × how much does it matter to them. If only a few people care, or they don't care very much, the piece is useless.
- Novelty: What the reader doesn't already know but should. If they already know it, you're wasting their time.
- Correctness: As strong as possible without becoming false. Don't say "all X are Y" when "most X are Y" is sufficient.
- Strength: Clear, concise, and direct expression. Remove fluff and use the most direct words.
The Morris Technique: Robert Morris's (PG's co-founder) secret—don't publish if you're not sure. You can ensure every piece you publish is good by simply not publishing the ones that aren't.
Qualifiers are an important skill: Not just avoiding mistakes, but precisely expressing degrees of certainty. "Maybe," "often," "in some cases"—these words make your statements more accurate.
Write loose, then tight: Write a quick draft, then spend days carefully rewriting. Rewriting is the essence of writing.
Simple language: Mistakes are more obvious in simple language. If something is hard to explain, your idea might not be clear enough.
核心洞察：
这篇文章提供了非常实用的写作框架。Morris技巧（不确定就不发表）和"先松后紧"的方法都很值得实践。
最有力的段落：
"Useful writing tells people something true and important that they didn't already know, and tells them as unequivocally as possible."
（有用的写作告诉人们一些他们不知道但真实且重要的事，并尽可能明确地告诉他们。）
"You can't ensure that every idea you have is good, but you can ensure that every one you publish is, by simply not publishing the ones that aren't."
（你无法确保每个想法都是好的，但你可以确保发表的每篇都是好的——方法就是只发表那些好的。）
限定词作为技能而非负担的观点也很有启发。
个人反思：
对于投资备忘录和项目分析，这个框架同样适用。一份好的投资备忘录应该：
- 重要：对投资决策有实质影响
- 新颖：提供市场尚未充分认知的洞察
- 正确：基于事实和逻辑，不过度推断
- 有力：清晰简洁，不绕弯子